Apparatus for treating the surface of articles



y 1951 J. H. BREISCH 2,552,767

APPARATUS FOR TREATING THE SURFACE OF ARTICLES Filed June 17, 1949 3Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. Jay/v fif Eff/x 6 d, 7 4/22, Y Ma A/forneus May15, 1951 J. H. BREISCH 2,552,767

APPARATUS FOR TREATING THE SURFACE OF ARTICLES Filed June 17, 1949 3Sheets-Sheet 2 i '1 i 59 1 l i i I l f 50 INVENTOR.

M y 5, 1951 J. H. BREISCH 2,552 161 APPARATUS FOR TREATING THE SURFACEOF ARTICLES Patented May 15, 1951 ABPABI'A'IUS, FOR, TREATING HE SURFACEOF ARTICLES John H-.. Breiscln. Lakewood, OhiD, assigns): to

MeasuringMachines, Inc Rocky River, Ohio,- at

corporationiof, Ohio.

Application June 17, 1949, Serial No. 99,623

14. Glaims, 1;

This invention relates: to an apparatus for giving a surface treatmentto: blanks; such as blades and similararticl'es; to. bring them intoaccurate correspondence with a given standard. Such operation is: usefutin many industries, among which may be mentionedthe finishing of turbineblades,v where it is highly important to maintain the proper contour anda smooth surface;

In my system, I provide a rotary cutting wheel, such as anabrasivegrihderor milii'ng cutter, a fixed guiding member-- of a sizeand contour similar to the cuttingwheel, and a universally shiftabledevice adapted tocarrya master and a blank held in fixed relationship toeach other and so positioned that when the-master contacts the guide,the blank contacts the cutting wheel. Then, as the carriage is shiftedto cause the master to travel about the guide, the blank to be treatedmakes asimilar travel about the rotary cutter and during such movementsthe traveling master and blank are progressed along the guide andcutter, so that the entire surface of the blank is brought into exactconformity with the master.

My invention includes also the particular apparatus for carrying outsuch method, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and ashereinafter fully explained.

In the drawings, Fig. I is a front elevation of my apparatus; Fig. 2 anend view thereof, looking at the left handend of Fig. I; Fig. 3 is avertical section on a larger scale of a portion of the apparatus, theplaneof the section being indicated by the line 3- -3 on- Fig. 1; Fig. 4is a plan of the top portion of the apparatus, as indicated by theline-4-4 on Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a horizontal section in a plane indicatedby the line 5--5 on Fig. 1.

As shown in- Figs. 1 and 2,10 indicates a suitable bed from which risefour standards II, I i and I2, I2 spaced at the four corners of arectangle. These standards carry at their tops a pair of cross heads [3'and 14. These cross heads carry a pair of horizontal bars i5, [5 forminga sliding support for the compound carriage universally shiftable in ahorizontal plane and carrying the master A and blank B, as will be laterdescribed.

Vertically slidable upon the four upright standards is a horizontal.platform. 20', carrying the guide for the master and the cutting wheelfor the blank. Depending from thisplatf'orm are a pair of rods 21, thelower ends of which carry pistons 22' stationary vertical cylinder 23.

These cylinders. are shown as: secured to opposite ends of the frame it]by straps 24 and 25 em, bracing the cylinders and bolted to the frame.

Communicating with the lower ends: ofthe cylinders 23. is a conduit 26:leading from a, conduit 21 adapted to supply fluid under pressure to:the cylinders, such pressure fluid operating to; raise. the pistons andthereby raise the platform 20. Such raising action shifts the guide forthe master and the cutting wheel for the blank along the master andblank, while: they are being moved in horizontal paths by the shiftingof the compound carriage.

Mounted on. the platform 2-0- is. a standard 3.0, having a base 31bolted to the platform, and carrying at its: upper end a. fixed guidev32. Mounted on the platform and extending downward'ly therefrom is asleeve. 40 carrying within its. bearings a vertical shaft! 50 on theupper end of which is the cutting-wheel, shown in the draw ing as anabrasive grinder 52', though it might: be a milling cutter adapted to.make a fine cut. This: wheel has a periphery of the same radius: as thatof the fixed guide 32. The bearing sleeve is: shown as having an outwardflange 4| at its upper end extending over the platformlll' bywhich thesleeve is rigidly secured by suitable vertical screws 42. I haveindicated inFi'g. 3 a pair of ball bearings 43 and M for the shaft, theouter race of which is carried by the sleeve 40 and the inner race bythe shaft.

On the lower end' of the shaft 50 is a pulley 53 connected by a belt 54with a pulley 55 on a vertical shaft driven by a motor indicated at 56.This motor is mounted on the stirrup 51 depending from the platform 20.It follows from this construction that the shaft and cutting wheel maybe continuously rotated by the motor irrespective of the position theplatform may have under the control of the cylinders and pistons.

In addition to the cutting wheel 52 the shaft 50 carries a suitableupwardly facing cup 58 shown as secured to a collar 59 tight on theshaft. The purpose of the cup is to catch the loose material resultingfrom the cutting opera tion. This cup has an internal diameter such aswill permit the movement of the blank B between the cutting wheel 52'and the internal wall ofthecup.

Reverting to the universally shiftable compound carriage which supportsthe master A and the blank B, this carriage comprises, a member havingdownwardlyextending portions 6.1 connected by an open rectangular topportion 62'. The; members: (it are slidably mounted on, the

rods 15, carried by the cross heads l3 and I4. These portions 6! carry apair of rods 65 at right angles to the rods IS. A second carriage member10 is slidably mounted on these rods 65. As illustrated the carriagemember 10 is provided with upstanding portions H which slidably engagethe rods- 65. V

The carriage member 10 has a bottom plate 12 on the underside of whichare a pair of clamps I3 and 14 adapted to clamp the dependingmaster andblank respectively. Each of these clamps comprises an abutment 15 and amovable clamping block 16 operated by a screw TI thread ed in an ear 18carried by the plate 12. The

turning of these screws is therefore effective to clamp the master andblank firmly in position, depending vertically as indicated in Fig. l,where they are able to engage respectively the guide 32 and the cuttingwheel 52.

In the operation of my machine the master and blank are secured by theclamps in position on the underside of the compound carriage. The

7 motor is engergized to rotate the cutting wheel 52 and fluid underpressure is gradually admitted to the lower end of the cylinders 23. Theoperator takes hold of the carriage 10 and manually gives the same acircular translation available by the sliding action of the carriage 60on the carriage 10 and the sliding action of the latter carriage atright angles thereto so that the master A follows the course indicatedby broken lines in various positions in Fig. 5 about the guide 32 alwayscontacting therewith, and this results inthe blank B taking a similarcourse about the cutting wheel 52 and always contacting with'it. Whilethis circular translation is going on the guideand cutting wheel areslowly raised by the operation of the cylinders, so that at the end ofthe operation the entire surface of the master has engaged the guide andthe entire surface of the blade has correspondingly engaged the cuttingwheel. This gives the blade a contour and a surface formation exactlycorresponding to the master. 7

The material released by the cutting wheel deposits itself in the cup 58and is removed from time to time. ,If the cutting action eventuallyreduces. the size of the cutting wheel a material amount it is eitherreplaced bya fresh wheel or a smaller head 32 is provided on thestandard 30.

It will be seen that by the simple arrangement of this circulartranslation of the blank about the cutting wheel, controlled by thecircular translation of the master about a guiding member of the sameradius as the cutting wheel, associated with the simultaneouslongitudinal, movement of the guiding and cutting members, I am able totreat the blank so that it will correspond in contounshape and size tothe master, and will be finished with a smooth surface, both of whichfeatures are frequently very important,v as for instance in turbineblades and similar uses.

, I claim? 1. An apparatus for treating blanks comprising a rotarycutting wheel, a guide of the same radius'as the cutting wheel, meansfor carrying a master and blank, said means being freely shiftableuniversally in a plane transverse to the axes of the cutting wheel andguide, and mechanism for causing the cutting wheel and guide and saidcarrying means to gradually approach each other.

2. An apparatus for grinding blades comprising a rotary grinding wheel,a guide of the same size and shape as the grinding wheel, means forcar-' and carriage, a stationary guide adapted to enrying a master andblade, said means being freely shiftable universally in a planetransverse to the axes of the grinding wheel and guide, and mechanismfor causing the grinding wheel-andguide unit and said carrying means togradually approach each other.

3. An apparatus fortreating blanks comprising' a rotary cutting wheel, astationary guide of the same radius as the cutting wheel, a carriagefreely shiftable universally in a plane transverse to the. axes of .thecutting wheel and guide, clamping means on the carriage for holding amaster and a blank, and mechanism for gradually causing-the cuttingwheel and guide and the carriage to approach each other during ashifting' operation of the carriage.

, 4. An apparatus for treating blanks "comprising progress the cuttingwheel and guide along the blank and master respectively.

5. An apparatus for treating blanks comprising a frame, a movableplatform mounted thereon, a stationary guide carried by the platform, arotary cutting Wheel carried by the platform, a freely movable carriageshiftable in two directions at right angles to each other in aplaneparallel with the platform, means on the carriage for supportinga masterand blank in engagement respectively with the guide and cutting wheel,and means for moving the platform toward the carriage to progress thecutting wheel and guide along the blank and master respectively. V

6. An apparatus for bringing blanks into cor respondence with a mastercomprising a frame, standards rising therefrom, a carriage universallyshiftable in-a horizontal plane on a support carried by the standards,means on the carriage for clamping the upper ends of a depending masterand blank, a platform between the frame gage the 'master and-a rotarycutting wheel adapted to engage the blank, both the guide and cuttingwheel ,being mounted on the platform, and means for raising theplatform.

'7. An apparatus for bringing blanks into correspondence with masters,comprising a vertically movable platform, a guide carried by theplatform, a rotary cutting wheel carried by the platform, meansincluding a cylinder and piston for raising the platform, a carriagecarried by the frame and universally shiftable in a horizontaldirection, and means on the carriage for rigidly holding a master and ablank in engagement respectively with the guide and the cutting wheel. 7V

8. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of aframe, standards rising therefrom, a platform vertically guided on thesaid shaft while the platform is being elevated along the standards, andmovable means carried by the standards and .adapted .to-support a master and blank respectively in engagement with the guide and cuttingwheel,

9. The combination of a frame, a platform movably carried thereby,mechanism for moving the platform, a stationary guide carried by theplatform, a rotary shaft mounted on the platform, a cutting wheel on theshaft of the same radius as the guide, mechanism for rotating said shaftwhile the platform is moving, a support carried by the frame, a compoundcarriage movable in two directions on said support, and clamping meanson the carriage for rigidly supporting a master projecting intoengagement with the guide and .a blank projecting into engagement Withthe cutting wheel.

10. The combination of a frame, a horizontal platform movably mountedabove the frame, stationary guide carried by the platform, a sleevecarried by the platform, a rotary shaft journaled in said sleevecarrying a cutting wheel, the axes of the cutting wheel and guide beingparallel with each other and side by side, mechanism carried by theplatform for rotating said shaft, mechanism for raising the platform, ahorizontal support carried by the frame above the platform, a two-partcarriage having a first member slidable on the support and a secondmember slidable on the first member in a direction at right angles tothe movement of the first member, and clamping means on the secondmember adapted to support a master and a blank depending into engagementrespectively with the guide and cutting wheel.

11. The combination of a frame, a platform movably carried thereby,mechanism for moving the platform, a stationary guide carried by theplatform, a rotary shaft mounted on the platform, a grinding Wheel onthe shaft of the same size and shape as the guide, the axes of thegrinding wheel and guide being parallel with each other and side byside, mechanism for rotatin said shaft while the platform is moving, ahorizontal support carried by the frame above the platform, a two-partcarriage having a first member slidable on the support and a secondmember slidable on the first member in a direction at right angles tothe movement of the first member, and a pair of clamps on the secondmember adapted to support a master and a blank depending into engagementrespectively with the guide and grinding wheel.

12. In an apparatus for treating blanks to bring them intocorrespondence with a master comprising a frame, a platform above theframe, a hearing sleeve carried by the platform, a shaft journaled inthe sleeve and carrying a cutting wheel at its upper end and a drivinpulley at its lower end, a motor mounted on the platform and drivinglyconnected with said shaft pulley, mechanism adapted to raise theplatform, a stationary guide of the same radius as the cutting wheel andsupported by the platform at the side of the cutting wheel insubstantially the same horizontal plane, a stationary support carried bythe frame above the cutting wheel and guide, a compound carriage mountedon the support and comprising a first member slidably on the support anda second member slidably on the first member in a direction at rightangles to the movement of the first member, and a pair of clamps carriedby the second member and adapted to support respectively, a master inengagement with the guide and a blank in engagement with the cuttingwheel.

13. In an apparatus for bringin ,a blank into correspondence with amaster, the combination of a platform, a rotary shaft journaled thereinand carrying a cutting wheel, an upwardly open cup carried by the shaftand surrounding it adjacent the cutting wheel, a stationary guidecarried by the platform outside of the cup on an axis parallel with theshaft, a stationary support for a carriage above the guide and cuttingwheel, a two-part carriage mounted on said support and comprising afirst member slidable on the support and a second member slidable on thefirst member at right angles to the movement of the first member, andmeans on the second member for supporting a master and a blank with themaster depending into engagement with the guide and the blank dependinginto the cup Where it engages the cutting wheel, whereby the master andblank may be given corresponding circular translations respectivelyabout the guide and grinding Wheel.

14. An apparatus for grinding a blank into correspondence with a mastercomprising a frame, a platform above the frame, a vertical bearingsleeve carried by the platform, a vertical shaft journaled in thebearing sleeve and carrying; a grinding wheel at its upper end and adriving pulley at its lower end, a motor carried by the platform anddrivingly connected with said shaft pulley, a stationary guide of a sizeand shape similar to the grinding Wheel and supported by the platform atthe side of the grinding wheel on a parallel aXis and in substantiallythe same horizontal plane, mechanism for raising the platform, astationary support carried by the frame above the grinding wheel andguide, a compound carriage mounted on the support and comprising a firstmember slidable on the support and a second member slidable on the firstmember in a direction at right angles to the movement of the firstmember, clamping means carried by the second member and adapted tosupport a master in engagement with the guide and a blank in engagementwith the grinding wheel respectively, and an upwardly open cylindricalguard surrounding the shaft adjacent the grinding wheel and of sumcientinmrnal diameter to clear the blank as it makes a circular translationabout the grinding wheel while the master is making a similartranslation about the guide and while the grinding wheel, guard andguide are being elevated by operation of the platform raising mechanism.

J OI-IN H. BREISCH.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

537,792 Great Britain July 7, 1941

